Who is responsible for approving the Course of Action (COA) developed by the air component?

The individual responsible for approving the Course of Action (COA) developed by the air component is the Joint Force Commander (JFC). This is because the JFC is tasked with the overall strategy and execution of military operations across all domains, including air, land, and sea. The JFC ensures that the proposed COA aligns with the broader objectives of the mission and integrates effectively with other components of the joint force.

The JFC has the authority to evaluate the feasibility, suitability, and acceptability of the COA, considering factors such as risk, resources, and the operational environment. By approving the COA, the JFC ensures that the air component's actions are synchronized with the overall mission and contribute to achieving the desired end state.

In contrast, while the other roles listed may have significant influence over military operations or strategic decision-making, they do not have direct authority over the approval of a COA within the context of joint operations led by the JFC. For instance, the Joint Task Force Commander might lead a specific task force but still operates under the JFC’s overarching authority. The Secretary of Defense focuses on broader defense policies, while Air Mobility Command's responsibilities are specific to air mobility tactics and logistics, rather than COA approval.